Pengaruh Penambahan Tepung Daun Jambu Biji (Psidium Guajava L) Pada Ransum Puyuh Petelur

(Effect of Adding Guava Leaf Meal (Psidium Guajava L) to the Dief of Laying Quail)

Abstract

Abstrak

Feed additive merupakan bahan tambahan dalam pakan yang berfungsi meningkatkan kesehatan, produktivitas, dan status fisiologis ternak tanpa menjadi sumber utama zat gizi. Daun jambu biji (Psidium guajava L.) mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti saponin, flavonoid, minyak atsiri, tanin, eugenol, dan triterpenoid, sehingga berpotensi digunakan sebagai feed additive alami. Artikel ini bertujuan mengkaji berbagai hasil penelitian terkait penggunaan tepung daun jambu biji dalam ransum puyuh petelur. Metode yang digunakan adalah studi literatur dengan menelusuri artikel dari jurnal nasional terakreditasi yang diterbitkan dalam kurun waktu 2015–2024. Sumber literatur diperoleh dari platform ilmiah terpercaya seperti Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, dan basis data elektronik lainnya dengan kata kunci “jambu biji”, “puyuh”, dan “feed additive”. Hasil review menunjukkan bahwa penambahan tepung daun jambu biji dapat memberikan dampak positif terhadap kualitas telur, seperti peningkatan indeks kuning telur, penurunan kadar air ekskreta, abnormalitas dan penurunan kolesterol kuning telur, serta perbaikan performa bobot badan. Namun, beberapa penelitian menunjukkan hasil yang tidak signifikan, yang diduga akibat belum ditemukannya dosis optimal dalam penggunaannya. Dengan demikian, perlu penelitian lanjutan untuk menentukan dosis efektif tepung daun jambu biji dalam ransum puyuh petelur.

Kata kunci: jambu biji, puyuh, feed additive.

Abstract

Feed additives are supplementary substances in animal feed that function to improve animal health, productivity, and physiological status without serving as primary sources of nutrients. Guava leaves (Psidium guajava L.) contain various bioactive compounds such as saponins, flavonoids, essential oils, tannins, eugenol, and triterpenoids, making them a potential natural feed additive. This article aims to review various research findings related to the use of guava leaf powder in the diets of laying quails. The method employed is a literature review by analyzing articles from nationally accredited journals published between 2015 and 2024. Literature sources were obtained from credible scientific platforms such as Google Scholar, ScienceDirect, and other trusted electronic databases using the keywords “guava leaf,” “quail,” and “feed additive.” The review results indicate that the addition of guava leaf powder may have positive effects on egg quality, including increased yolk index, reduced fecal moisture content, decreased shell abnormalities and yolk cholesterol, and improved body weight performance. However, several studies reported insignificant results, likely due to the absence of an optimal dosage. Therefore, further research is needed to determine the most effective dosage of guava leaf powder in the diet of laying quails..

Keywords: guava, quail, feed additives.